Ordnungspolizei conducting a raid (razzia) in the Krakow
ghetto, January 1941.
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The
Ordnungspolizei (German: [ˈʔɔɐ̯dnʊŋspoliˌt͡saɪ], Order Police),
abbreviated Orpo, were the
uniformed police force in Nazi
Germany between 1936 and 1945. The Orpo organization was absorbed into the
Nazi monopoly on power after regional police jurisdiction was removed in favor
of the central Nazi government (Verreichlichung of the police). The Orpo
was under the administration of the Interior Ministry but headed by members of
the SS until the end of World War II. Owing to their green uniforms, Orpo were
also referred to as Grüne Polizei (green police). The force was first
established as a centralized organisation uniting the municipal, city, and
rural uniformed police that had been organised on a state-by-state basis.
The
Ordnungspolizei encompassed virtually all of Nazi
Germany's law-enforcement and emergency response organizations, including
fire brigades, coast guard, civil defense, and even night watchmen. Deployed
along with the German Army (Wehrmacht) in the invasion of Poland in 1939, it had the task of
terrorizing the civilian population of the conquered and colonized countries
beginning in spring 1940.
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